# **Company** Noya is on a mission to accelerate the world’s transition to carbon negativity. Founded in 2020 by CEO Josh Santos and CTO Daniel Cavero, with a goal to ensure a healthy planet for generations to come, Noya has developed a scalable, cost-effective Direct Air Capture approach using abundant, low-cost materials. Headquartered in Oakland, Noya works with industry-leading organizations who are committed to purchasing high-quality carbon removal credits. # **Technology** Noya’s Direct Air Capture system uses modular arrays of activated carbon monoliths impregnated in a chemisorption agent to capture CO2 from ambient air. The power-efficient regeneration process leverages the electrical conductivity of activated carbon by applying an electric potential directly to the sorbent itself, a process known as “joule heating”. Noya partners with CO2 storage companies to safely sequester the stream of CO2 generated with each capture cycle, thereby ensuring permanent removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. At a more granular level, Noya’s approach involves a cyclic process of CO2 capture and regeneration. First, fans move air through a proprietary sorbent, which reacts with CO2 in the airstream to temporarily capture it. Next, a regeneration chamber is closed around the sorbent and an electrical current is passed directly through the monolithic framework of the sorbent, efficiently providing the heat required to both reverse the CO2 capture reaction and regenerate the sorbent. These two cycles are repeated to continuously capture CO2 from the ambient air. # **Project Zephyr** Noya’s first commercial demonstration of its Direct Air Capture technology will be capable of capturing 350 metric tons per year at launch. Over time, capture capacity at this same site will be scaled up to 36,000 metric tons per year. # Additionality Noya’s proposed project is 100% additional, as it will not be built until Noya has obtained sufficient offtake commitments from customers. # Permanence Noya has selected a CO2 storage partner for this first project located in California. The injection site has been defined with extensive well and seismic data, confirming a secure storage complex with a thick, low permeability and continuous caprock over the entire field that has the proven ability to trap oil and gas over geologic timescales. A risk assessment has been completed to assess the leakage risk posed by well penetrations in the area on the permanence of the stored CO2 and indicates that even over a 100-year post injection time period, there is a 100% probability that < 1% of the injected CO2 could escape the storage reservoirs. The storage site will also have a robust monitoring, reporting and verification plan to confirm that the injected CO2 remains in the storage complex. The monitoring program will include continuous pressure and temperature measurements at injection zone monitoring wells and monitoring wells in the overlying strata, regular fluid sampling and saturation logging, mechanical integrity checks, broad surface CO2 monitoring, soil gas monitoring etc, which will be regularly reported to the EPA and constantly used to improve dynamic reservoir models. The monitoring activities will be carried out for the storage project injection period, and a post-injection period to verify permanence, which may extend up to 50 years after the end of injection. # Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) Noya has selected Puro.earth (Puro), majority-owned by NASDAQ, as its independent MRV partner. A global leader in verification and certification for engineered carbon removal, Puro holds the International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance (ICROA) accreditation and will oversee certification of Noya's DAC approach in adherence to its Standard for Geologically Stored Carbon. In collaboration with an impartial validation/verification body (VVB), Puro will validate Noya’s process and subsequently issue CO2 Removal Certificates (CORCs) through its established registry. Certification under the Puro Standard mandates that carbon removal projects demonstrate financial additionality, achieve net negative emissions, comprehend and mitigate potential sources of leakage, and address any harmful environmental impact, including community impact. Each CORC includes a unique identifier, issuance date, location of removal operation, removal method, date range of production, and project facility details. Puro ensures that any CORC issued does not overlap with claims for the associated underlying product, preventing double-counting of carbon removal efforts. # Impact Carbon removal credit purchases allow Noya to expand manufacturing capacity, grow its team of talented scientists, engineers, and operators, and scale up the carbon removal capacity of its projects.